edu.ucar.opensky::articles:43273 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T17:53:29.631935 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7sf31kx https://doi.org/10.15770/EUM_SAF_OSI_0013 https Related Dataset #1 Global Sea Ice Concentration Climate Data Record v3.0 - Multimission https://doi.org/10.5067/7Q8HCCWS4I0R https Related Dataset #2 Bootstrap Sea Ice Concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I-SSMIS, Version 3 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4407459 https Related Software #1 MPAS-Dev/MPAS-Analysis: v1.3.0 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5563151 https Related Software #2 E3SM-Project/E3SM: Energy Exascale Earthy System Model v2.0 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7527568 https Related Software #3 Energy Exascale Earth System Model The DOE E3SM version 2.1: Overview and assessment of the impacts of parameterized ocean submesoscales 2025-03-11T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7sf31kx https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-1613-2025 Smith, K. author Barthel, A. author Conlon, L. M. author Van Roekel, L. P. author Bartoletti, A. author Golaz, J. author Zhang, C. author Begeman, C. B. author Benedict, Jim author Bisht, G. author Feng, Y. author Hannah, W. author Harrop, B. E. author Jeffery, N. author Lin, W. author Ma, P. author Maltrud, M. E. author Petersen, M. R. author Singh, B. author Tang, Q. author Tesfa, T. author Wolfe, J. D. author Xie, S. author Zheng, X. author Balaguru, K. author Garuba, O. author Gleckler, P. author Hu, Aixue author Lee, J. author Moore-Maley, B. author Ordoñez, A. C. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher The U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 2.1 builds on E3SMv2 with several changes, with the most notable being the addition of the Fox-Kemper et al.&nbsp;(2011) mixed-layer eddy parameterization. This parameterization captures the effect of finite-amplitude, mixed-layer eddies as an overturning streamfunction and has the primary function of restratification. Herein, we outline the changes to the mean climate state of E3SM that were introduced by the addition of this parameterization. Overall, the presence of the submesoscale parameterization improves the fidelity of the v2.1 simulation by reducing the ocean surface biases in the North Atlantic present in v2, as illustrated by changes in the climatological sea surface temperature and salinity and the Arctic sea-ice extent. Other impacts include a slight shoaling of the mixed-layer depths in the North Atlantic and a small improvement in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). We note that the expected shoaling due to the parameterization is regionally dependent in our coupled configuration. In addition, we investigate why the parameterization and its impacts on mixed-layer depth have little impact on the simulated AMOC: despite increased dense-water formation in the Norwegian Sea, only a small fraction of the water formed makes its way south into the North Atlantic basin. Version 2.1 also exhibits small improvements in the atmospheric climatology, with smaller biases in many notable quantities and modes of variability. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication <style type="text/css"></style><span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;font-style:normal;" data-sheets-root="1">Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</span> None eng geoscientificInformation