edu.ucar.opensky::articles:24866 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T23:00:44.919491 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7cr5xvd https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD15A2H.006 https Related Dataset #1 MYD15A2H MODIS/Aqua Leaf Area Index/FPAR 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006 https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.42ad3309744e40bd9c8920535d14c4a9 https Related Other #1 MONARCH data presented in Klose et al. (2021), "Mineral dust cycle in the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) Version 2.0", Geosci. Model Dev. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5215467 https Related Software #1 MONARCH: Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model Version 2.0 Mineral dust cycle in the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic Atmosphere Chemistry Model (Monarch) Version 2.0 2021-10-25T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7cr5xvd https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6403-2021 Klose, M. author Jorba, O. author Gonçalves Ageitos, M. author Escribano, J. author Dawson, Matthew L. author Obiso, V. author Di Tomaso, E. author Basart, S. author Montané Pinto, G. author Macchia, F. author Ginoux, P. author Guerschman, J. author Prigent, C. author Huang, Y. author Kok, J. F. author Miller, R. L. author Pérez García-Pando, C. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher We present the dust module in the Multiscale Online Non-hydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) version 2.0, a chemical weather prediction system that can be used for regional and global modeling at a range of resolutions. The representations of dust processes in MONARCH were upgraded with a focus on dust emission (emission parameterizations, entrainment thresholds, considerations of soil moisture and surface cover), lower boundary conditions (roughness, potential dust sources), and dust-radiation interactions. MONARCH now allows modeling of global and regional mineral dust cycles using fundamentally different paradigms, ranging from strongly simplified to physics-based parameterizations. We present a detailed description of these updates along with four global benchmark simulations, which use conceptually different dust emission parameterizations, and we evaluate the simulations against observations of dust optical depth. We determine key dust parameters, such as global annual emission/deposition flux, dust loading, dust optical depth, mass-extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, and direct radiative effects. For dust-particle diameters up to 20 mu m, the total annual dust emission and deposition fluxes obtained with our four experiments range between about 3500 and 6000 Tg, which largely depend upon differences in the emitted size distribution. Considering ellipsoidal particle shapes and dust refractive indices that account for size-resolved mineralogy, we estimate the global total (longwave and shortwave) dust direct radiative effect (DRE) at the surface to range between about -0.90 and -0.63 W m(-2) and at the top of the atmosphere between -0.20 and -0.28 W m(-2). Our evaluation demonstrates that MONARCH is able to reproduce key features of the spatiotemporal variability of the global dust cycle with important and insightful differences between the different configurations. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. None eng geoscientificInformation