edu.ucar.opensky::articles:14253 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-26T03:25:50.236442 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7f190qb Observations of gravity wave forcing of the mesopause region during the January 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming 2014-07-16T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7f190qb https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060501 de Wit, R. author Hibbins, R. author Espy, P. author Orsolini, Y. author Limpasuvan, V. author Kinnison, Douglas E. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Studies of vertical and interhemispheric coupling during Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) suggest that gravity wave (GW) momentum flux divergence plays a key role in forcing the middle atmosphere, although observational validation of GW forcing is limited. We present a whole atmosphere view of zonal winds from the surface to 100 km during the January 2013 major SSW, together with observed GW momentum fluxes in the mesopause region derived from uninterrupted high-resolution meteor radar observations from an All-Sky Interferometric Meteor Radar system located at Trondheim, Norway (63.4°N, 10.5°E). Observations show GW momentum flux divergence 6 days prior to the SSW onset, producing an eastward forcing with peak values of ∼+145 ± 60ms⁻¹d⁻¹. As the SSW evolves, GW forcing turns westward, reaching a minimum of ∼−240 ± 70ms⁻¹d⁻¹∼+18 days after the SSW onset. These results are discussed in light of previous studies and simulations using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with Specified Dynamics. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2014 American Geophysical Union. None eng geoscientificInformation