edu.ucar.opensky::articles:21025 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-26T02:24:35.786194 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d75t3p0c Practice and philosophy of climate model tuning across six US modeling centers 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d75t3p0c https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3207-2017 Schmidt, G. A. author Bader, D. author Donner, L. J. author Elsaesser, G. S. author Golaz, J. author Hannay, Cecile E. author Molod, A. author Neale, Richard author Saha, S. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Model calibration (or "tuning") is a necessary part of developing and testing coupled ocean-atmosphere climate models regardless of their main scientific purpose. There is an increasing recognition that this process needs to become more transparent for both users of climate model output and other developers. Knowing how and why climate models are tuned and which targets are used is essential to avoiding possible misattributions of skillful predictions to data accommodation and vice versa. This paper describes the approach and practice of model tuning for the six major US climate modeling centers. While details differ among groups in terms of scientific missions, tuning targets, and tunable parameters, there is a core commonality of approaches. However, practices differ significantly on some key aspects, in particular, in the use of initialized forecast analyses as a tool, the explicit use of the historical transient record, and the use of the present-day radiative imbalance vs. the implied balance in the preindustrial era as a target. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License None eng geoscientificInformation