edu.ucar.opensky::articles:43726 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T17:55:58.772134 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7028wz5 https://doi.org/10.5067/IMPACTS/ER2/DATA101 https Related Dataset #1 NASA ER-2 Navigation Data IMPACTS https://doi.org/10.7289/V5C8276M https Related Dataset #2 ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model Evaluation of physical microphysical property retrieval algorithms during the 2020 IMPACTS field campaign 2025-02-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7028wz5 https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-23-0106.1 Nicholls, S. author Heymsfield, Andrew J. author Heymsfield, G. M. author Yorks, J. E. author Bansemer, Aaron R. author Aubry, C. author Deng, M. author Delanoë, J. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher The NASA Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign provides high-quality, high-altitude aircraft lidar (532 nm), radar (W band), and in-cloud microphysical aircraft data taken during wintertime storm events impacting the United States. This study evaluates two mass&#8211;dimensional relationships [Brown and Francis (BF95); Heymsfield (H14)] and two lidar&#8211;radar microphysical retrieval algorithms [ CloudSat and CALIPSO Ice Cloud Property Product (2C-ICE); VarPy (a variational method derived from the satellite lidar&#8211;radar data community)] to estimate aircraft-retrieved volume extinction coefficient ( &#963; ), ice water content (IWC), and effective radius ( r e ) during the 2020 IMPACTS deployment. BF95 and H14 have a close 1:1 correlation ( R 2 = 0.98) with in situ observations of &#963; . However, only BF95 displays a linear, consistent, and almost temperature-independent low bias for IWC and r e , which likely arises from the environmental conditions used to determine each. Unlike the field-campaign-derived BF95 and H14 relationships, VarPy and 2C-ICE directly ingest the aircraft-based lidar and radar data to simulate &#963; , IWC, and r e . For all three microphysical parameters, VarPy and 2C-ICE retrieval errors became notably more pronounced around the dendritic growth zone (from &#8722;15&#176; to &#8722;10&#176;C) and near freezing (&#8805;&#8722;5&#176;C), which suggests that both algorithms experience difficulty addressing riming and aggregation processes and with larger particles (dendrites and plates) due in part to their simplified ice particle assumptions. However, the mean-melt diameter ice-particle assumption did yield more accurate IWC estimates, which led to slightly better overall results for VarPy. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication <span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;" data-sheets-root="1">Copyright 2025 American Meteorological Society (AMS).</span> None eng geoscientificInformation