edu.ucar.opensky::articles:21862 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-25T15:55:13.229819 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7057jqj SURF: Understanding and predicting urban convection and haze 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7057jqj https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0178.1 Liang, X. author Miao, S. author Li, J. author Bornstein, R. author ZHANG, X. author Gao, Y. author Chen, Fei author Cao, X. author Cheng, Z. author Clements, C. author Dabberdt, W. author Ding, A. author Ding, D. author Dou, J. J. author Dou, J. X. author Dou, Y. author Grimmond, C. S. B. author González-Cruz, J. E. author He, J. author Huang, M. author Huang, X. author Ju, S. author Li, Q. author Niyogi, D. author Quan, J. author Sun, Jielun author Sun, Juanzhen author Yu, M. author Zhang, J. author Zhang, Y. author Zhao, X. author Zheng, Z. author Zhou, M. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Urbanization modifies atmospheric energy and moisture balances, forming distinct features [e.g., urban heat islands (UHIs) and enhanced or decreased precipitation]. These produce significant challenges to science and society, including rapid and intense flooding, heat waves strengthened by UHIs, and air pollutant haze. The Study of Urban Impacts on Rainfall and Fog/Haze (SURF) has brought together international expertise on observations and modeling, meteorology and atmospheric chemistry, and research and operational forecasting. The SURF overall science objective is a better understanding of urban, terrain, convection, and aerosol interactions for improved forecast accuracy. Specific objectives include a) promoting cooperative international research to improve understanding of urban summer convective precipitation and winter particulate episodes via extensive field studies, b) improving high-resolution urban weather and air quality forecast models, and c) enhancing urban weather forecasts for societal applications (e.g., health, energy, hydrologic, climate change, air quality, planning, and emergency response management). Preliminary SURF observational and modeling results are shown (i.e., turbulent PBL structure, bifurcating thunderstorms, haze events, urban canopy model development, and model forecast evaluation). (C) 2018 American Meteorological Society. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2018 American Meteorological Society. None eng geoscientificInformation