edu.ucar.opensky::articles:22632 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-25T15:31:25.050113 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7959mpg Vertical resolution requirements in atmospheric simulation 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7959mpg https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-19-0043.1 Skamarock, William author Snyder, Chris author Klemp, Joseph author Park, S. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher The role of vertical mesh spacing in the convergence of full-physics global atmospheric model solutions is examined for synoptic, mesoscale, and convective-scale horizontal resolutions. Using the MPAS-Atmosphere model, convergence is evaluated for three solution metrics: the horizontal kinetic energy spectrum, the Richardson number probability density function, and resolved flow features. All three metrics exhibit convergence in the free atmosphere for a 15-km horizontal mesh when the vertical grid spacing is less than or equal to 200 m. Nonconvergence is accompanied by noise, spurious structures, reduced levels of mesoscale kinetic energy, and reduced Richardson number peak frequencies. Coarser horizontal mesh solutions converge in a similar manner but contain much less noise than the 15-km solutions for coarse vertical resolution. For convective-scale resolution simulations with 3-km cell spacing on a variable-resolution mesh, solution convergence is almost attained with a vertical mesh spacing of 200 m. The boundary layer scheme is the dominant source of vertical filtering in the free atmosphere. Although the increased vertical mixing at coarser vertical mesh spacing depresses the kinetic energy spectra and Richardson number convergence, it does not produce sufficient dissipation to effectively halt scale collapse. These results confirm and extend the results from a number of previous studies, and further emphasize the sensitivity of the energetics to the vertical mixing formulations in the model. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2019 American Meteorological Society. None eng geoscientificInformation