edu.ucar.opensky::articles:26561 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T19:28:07.883682 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7gm8cbr https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.6860a573 https Related Dataset #1 ERA5 monthly averaged data on pressure levels from 1979 to present https://doi.org/10.5067/CALIOP/CALIPSO/CAL_LID_L1-Standard-V4-51 https Related Dataset #2 CALIPSO Lidar Level 1B profile data, V4-51 https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ102IMG.021 https Related Dataset #3 VIIRS/JPSS1 Imagery Resolution Bands 6-Min L1B 6-Min Swath- 375m https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ103IMG.021 https Related Dataset #4 VIIRS/JPSS1 Imagery Resolution Terrain-Corrected Geolocation L1 6-Min Swath- 375m https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP02IMG.002 https Related Dataset #5 VIIRS/NPP Imagery Resolution Bands 6-Min L1B 6-Min Swath- 375m https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP03IMG.002 https Related Dataset #6 VIIRS/NPP Imagery Resolution Terrain-Corrected Geolocation L1 6-Min Swath- 375m https://doi.org/10.5439/1027369 https Related Dataset #7 mwrret1liljclou https://doi.org/10.5439/1095316 https Related Dataset #8 interpolatedsonde https://doi.org/10.5439/1182027 https Related Dataset #9 ARM: Vaisala Automatic Weather Station https://doi.org/10.5439/1228768 https Related Dataset #10 KAZRARSCL-All-inclusive data stream https://doi.org/10.5439/1333748 https Related Dataset #11 armbeatm https://doi.org/10.5439/1338194 https Related Dataset #12 wbpluvio2.a1 https://doi.org/10.5439/1393438 https Related Dataset #13 KAZRARSCL-c0-Cloud Boundaries subset https://doi.org/10.5439/1595321 https Related Dataset #14 Balloon-borne sounding system (BBSS), WNPN output data https://doi.org/10.5439/1786358 https Related Dataset #15 met.b1 https://doi.org/10.7289/V5SQ8XB5 https Related Dataset #16 NOAA Optimum Interpolation 1/4 Degree Daily Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) Analysis, Version 2 Vertical structure of clouds and precipitation during Arctic cold-air outbreaks and warm-air intrusions: Observations from COMBLE 2023-07-16T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7gm8cbr https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD038403 Lackner, C. P. author Geerts, B. author Juliano, Timothy W. author Xue, Lulin author Kosović, Branko author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher The Arctic is marked by deep intrusions of warm, moist air, alternating with outbreaks of cold air down to lower latitudes. The typical vertical structure of clouds and precipitation during these two synoptic weather extremes is examined at a coastal site at 69 DEG;N in Norway. The Norwegian Sea is a corridor for warm-air intrusions (WAIs) and frequently witnesses cold-air outbreaks (CAOs). This study uses data from profiling radar, lidar, and microwave radiometer, radiosondes and other probes that were collected during the CAOs in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (COMBLE) between 1 December 2019 and 31 May 2020. Marine CAOs are defined in terms of thermal instability relative to the sea surface temperature, and WAIs in terms of equivalent potential temperature stratification between the surface and 850 hPa. Cloud structures in CAOs are convective, driven by strong surface heat fluxes over a long fetch of open water, with cloud tops rarely exceeding 6 km above sea level. The mostly open-cellular convection produces intermittent moderately-heavy precipitation at the observational site, notwithstanding the low precipitable water vapor (PWV). In contrast, WAIs are marked by high values of PWV and integrated vapor transport. WAI clouds are synoptically driven, stratiform, with cloud tops often exceeding 5 km, sometimes layered, and generally producing persistent precipitation that can be heavier than in CAOs. Plain Language Summary The Arctic, more so than Antarctica, is marked by deep intrusions of warm, moist air, alternating with outbreaks of cold air down to lower latitudes. Here we examine the typical vertical structure of the updrafts, clouds and precipitation during these two weather types. We use data collected at a coastal site at 69 degrees N in Norway during the Cold air Outbreaks (CAOs) in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (COMBLE). COMBLE ran between 1 December 2019 and 31 May 2020 with funding from the United States Department of Energy. The Norwegian Sea is a corridor for warm-air intrusions (WAIs) into the Arctic, and it frequently witnesses CAOs, which in extreme events can be hazardous to maritime activities. The main findings of this study are: (a) the CAO cloud regime is convective, driven by strong surface heat fluxes over a long fetch of open water. Clouds are rather low-topped yet they do produce precipitation. (b) WAIs are marked by enhanced water vapor, high vapor transport, and clouds driven by deep frontal weather systems generally producing persistent precipitation. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2023 American Geophysical Union (AGU). None eng geoscientificInformation