edu.ucar.opensky::articles:6083 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-26T16:09:10.200397 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7dn4574 Vertical profiling of atmospheric refractivity from ground-based GPS 2002-06-08T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7dn4574 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000RS002565 Lowry, Anthony author Rocken, Christian author Sokolovskiy, Sergey author Anderson, K. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Atmospheric refractivity is typically estimated in situ from radiosonde measurements, which are expensive and may undersample the spatial and temporal variability of weather phenomena. We estimate refractivity structure near San Diego, California, using ray propagation models to fit measured GPS tropospheric delays in a least squares metric. We evaluate the potential and the limitations of ground-based GPS measurements for characterizing atmospheric refractivity, and we compare refractivity structure estimated from GPS sensing with that measured by nearby radiosondes. The results suggest that ground-based GPS provides significant constraint of inhomogeneous atmospheric refractivity, despite certain fundamental limitations of ground-based measurements. Radiosondes typically are launched just a few times daily. Consequently, estimates of temporally and spatially varying refractivity that assimilate GPS delays could substantially improve over estimates using radiosonde data alone. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright 2002 American Geophysical Union. None eng geoscientificInformation