edu.ucar.opensky::articles:42393 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T18:05:11.421357 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7d79gqw Global observations of geomagnetically induced currents caused by an extremely intense density pulse during a coronal mass ejection 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7d79gqw https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003993 Liu, Z. author Shi, Xueling author Hartinger, M. D. author Angelopoulos, V. author Rodger, C. J. author Viljanen, A. author Qi, Y. author Shi, C. author Parry, H. author Mann, I. author Cordell, D. author Madanian, H. author Mac Manus, D. H. author Dalzell, M. author Cui, R. author MacMullin, R. author Young‐Morris, G. author Noel, C. author Streifling, J. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher A variety of magnetosphere&#8208;ionosphere current systems and waves have been linked to geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) and geomagnetically induced currents (GIC). However, since many location&#8208;specific factors control GMD and GIC intensity, it is often unclear what mechanisms generate the largest GMD and GIC in different locations. We address this challenge through analysis of multi&#8208;satellite measurements and globally distributed magnetometer and GIC measurements. We find embedded within the magnetic cloud of the 23&#8211;24 April 2023 coronal mass ejection (CME) storm there was a global scale density pulse lasting for 10&#8211;20&#160;min with compression ratio of . It caused substantial dayside displacements of the bow shock and magnetopause, changes of and , respectively, which in turn caused large amplitude GMD in the magnetosphere and on the ground across a wide local time range. At the time this global GMD was observed, GIC measured in New Zealand, Finland, Canada, and the United States were observed. The GIC were comparable (within factors of 2&#8211;2.5) to the largest ever recorded during 14&#160;year monitoring intervals in New Zealand and Finland and represented 2&#8208;year maxima in the United States during a period with several Kp7 geomagnetic storms. Additionally, the GIC measurements in the USA and other mid&#8208;latitude locations exhibited wave&#8208;like fluctuations with 1&#8211;2&#160;min period. This work suggests that large density pulses in CME should be considered an important driver of large amplitude, global GMD and among the largest GIC at mid&#8208;latitude locations, and that sampling intervals are required to capture these GMD/GIC. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication <span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;font-style:normal;" data-sheets-root="1">Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</span> None eng geoscientificInformation