edu.ucar.opensky::articles:42391 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T18:05:09.169242 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7ks6wvk https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2525662 https Related Dataset #1 Sand content in % (kg / kg) at 6 standard depths (0, 10, 30, 60, 100 and 200 cm) at 250 m resolution https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984 https Related Dataset #2 Data for "Harmonized gap-filled dataset from 20 urban flux tower sites" for the Urban-PLUMBER project https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7330052 https Related Dataset #3 Benchmarks for the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project Phase 1 (AU-Preston) The water balance representation in urban‐PLUMBER land surface models 2024-10-01T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7ks6wvk https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004231 Jongen, H. J. author Lipson, M. author Teuling, A. J. author Grimmond, S. author Baik, J. author Best, M. author Demuzere, M. author Fortuniak, K. author Huang, Y. author De Kauwe, M. G. author Li, R. author McNorton, J. author Meili, N. author Oleson, Keith W. author Park, S. author Sun, T. author Tsiringakis, A. author Varentsov, M. author Wang, C. author Wang, Z. author Steeneveld, G. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Urban Land Surface Models (ULSMs) simulate energy and water exchanges between the urban surface and atmosphere. However, earlier systematic ULSM comparison projects assessed the energy balance but ignored the water balance, which is coupled to the energy balance. Here, we analyze the water balance representation in 19 ULSMs participating in the Urban&#8208;PLUMBER project using results for 20 sites spread across a range of climates and urban form characteristics. As observations for most water fluxes are unavailable, we examine the water balance closure, flux timing, and magnitude with a score derived from seven indicators expecting better scoring models to capture the latent heat flux more accurately. We find that the water budget is only closed in 57% of the model&#8208;site combinations assuming closure when annual total incoming fluxes (precipitation and irrigation) fluxes are within 3% of the outgoing (all other) fluxes. Results show the timing is better captured than magnitude. No ULSM has passed all water balance indicators for any site. Models passing more indicators do not capture the latent heat flux more accurately refuting our hypothesis. While output reporting inconsistencies may have negatively affected model performance, our results indicate models could be improved by explicitly verifying water balance closure and revising runoff parameterizations. By expanding ULSM evaluation to the water balance and related to latent heat flux performance, we demonstrate the benefits of evaluating processes with direct feedback mechanisms to the processes of interest. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication <span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;font-style:normal;" data-sheets-root="1">Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</span> None eng geoscientificInformation