edu.ucar.opensky::articles:26136 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T19:39:33.982730 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7nz8ckw https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.o00009.00301 https Related Dataset #1 TIMEGCM simulations of the April 2018 and April 2022 geomagnetic storms Temperature variations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during geomagnetic storms with disparate durations at high latitudes 2023-02-05T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.org/ark:/85065/d7nz8ckw https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9020086 Wei, G. author Lu, J. author Wang, Wenbin author Tian, Y. author Li, J. author Xiong, S. author Sun, M. author Shen, F. author Li, Z. author Zhang, H. author Cui, J. author Yang, C. author Yao, J. author Jiang, S. author Zhu, Z. author Wang, J. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Using the temperature data observed from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER), we investigate the response of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) to two medium geomagnetic storms with disparate durations, on 20 April 2018 and 10 April 2022. The high-latitude MLT temperature increase in the Southern hemisphere can reach 40 K during April 2018 geomagnetic storm with a longer duration (Kp values greater than 4 for 15 h), while the temperature variations are less than 10 K for the April 2022 event (Kp values greater than 4 for 6 h). To investigate the different temperature responses to disparate geomagnetic storm durations and understand what physical process results in this difference, we simulated the two events using the thermosphere ionosphere mesosphere electrodynamics general circulation model (TIMEGCM). The simulations show that more particles and energy input in longer-duration geomagnetic storms produce larger ion drag force and pressure gradient force at similar to 130 km, and then the enhanced two forces cause faster horizontal wind, leading to larger horizontal divergence. Subsequently, the stronger downward vertical wind is transported to the MLT region (below 110 km) and ultimately makes greater temperature increases through adiabatic heating/cooling and vertical advection. Therefore, the effects of the storm's duration on the MLT temperature are also important. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. None eng geoscientificInformation