edu.ucar.opensky::articles:42374 UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact 2025-12-24T17:59:09.138302 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d75t3qs3 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.963247 https Related Dataset #1 DLR in situ cloud measurements during HALO-(AC)³ Arctic airborne campaign https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.963628 https Related Dataset #2 Nevzorov LWC and TWC data from the HALO-AC3 campaign in March and April 2022 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.964977 https Related Dataset #3 Radar reflectivities at 94 GHz and microwave brightness temperature measurements at 89 GHz during the HALO-AC3 Arctic airborne campaign https://doi.org/10.5067/IMPACTS/CRS/DATA101 https Related Dataset #4 Cloud Radar System (CRS) IMPACTS https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7757034 https Related Dataset #5 Data set of simulated rimed aggregates for "A riming-dependent parameterization of scattering by snowflakes using the self-similar Rayleigh-Gans approximation" https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7305586 https Related Software #1 ac3airborne How does riming influence the observed spatial variability of ice water in mixed-phase clouds? 2024-12-16T00:00:00Z publication https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d75t3qs3 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13935-2024 Maherndl, N. author Moser, M. author Schirmacher, I. author Bansemer, Aaron R. author Lucke, J. author Voigt, C. author Maahn, M. author UCAR/NCAR - Library publisher Observations show that the ice water content (IWC) in mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) tends to occur in clusters. However, it is not sufficiently understood which ice crystal formation and growth processes play a dominant role in IWC clustering in clouds. One important ice growth process is riming, which occurs when liquid water droplets freeze onto ice crystals upon contact. Here we use airborne measurements of MPCs at mid- and high-latitudes to investigate the spatial variability of ice clusters in clouds and how this variability is linked to riming. We use data from the IMPACTS (mid-latitudes) and the HALO-(AC)3 (high-latitudes) aircraft campaigns, where spatially and temporally colocated cloud radar and in situ measurements were collected. We derive riming and IWC by combining cloud radar and in situ measurements. Ice cluster scales in clouds are quantified using pair correlation functions. During all analyzed flight segments, riming is responsible for 66 % and 63 % of the total IWC during IMPACTS and HALO-(AC)3, respectively. In mid-latitude MPCs, riming does not significantly change IWC cluster scales but increases the probability of cluster occurrence. In cold-air-outbreak MPCs observed during HALO-(AC)3, riming leads to additional in-cloud IWC clustering at spatial scales of 3–5 km due to the presence of mesoscale updraft features. An increased liquid water path might increase the effect, but it is not a necessary criterion. These results can be used to evaluate and constrain models' representations of MPCs. UCAR/NCAR - Library OpenSky Support PO Box 3000 Boulder CO 80307-3000 opensky@ucar.edu http://opensky.ucar.edu/ homepage pointOfContact PDF Text theme Resource Type 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z publication <style type="text/css"></style><span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;font-style:normal;" data-sheets-root="1">Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</span> None eng geoscientificInformation