Identification

Title

Formation of the bubbleâ€like ionospheric superâ€depletion structure (BLISS): MAGE simulation of the September, 2017 storm

Abstract

This study investigates the formation of a newly identified storm‐time ionospheric phenomenon, the bubble‐like ionospheric super‐depletion structure (BLISS) in F‐region plasma densities. The observed BLISS initiates from the magnetic dip equator in the post‐sunset region and expands westward and poleward, reaching midlatitudes of ∼40°, which is distinct from equatorial plasma bubbles. The mechanism of BLISS formation remains unclear. To systematically study the driving processes for this phenomenon, we employ the Multiscale Atmosphere Geospace Environment (MAGE) model that fully couples the magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere models. Our MAGE simulation successfully reproduced the observed BLISS event during the 8 September 2017 storm. It shows that the depletion is caused by the vertical E  ×  B transport as it expands westward and poleward toward midlatitudes. Numerical experiments demonstrate that sudden enhancements in southward solar wind Bz induce strong prompt eastward penetration electric fields, which are the primary cause of the BLISS and its expansion.

Resource type

document

Resource locator

Unique resource identifier

code

https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7697802

codeSpace

Dataset language

eng

Spatial reference system

code identifying the spatial reference system

Classification of spatial data and services

Topic category

geoscientificInformation

Keywords

Keyword set

keyword value

Text

originating controlled vocabulary

title

Resource Type

reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

Geographic location

West bounding longitude

East bounding longitude

North bounding latitude

South bounding latitude

Temporal reference

Temporal extent

Begin position

End position

Dataset reference date

date type

publication

effective date

2025-06-28T00:00:00Z

Frequency of update

Quality and validity

Lineage

Conformity

Data format

name of format

version of format

Constraints related to access and use

Constraint set

Use constraints

<span style="font-family:Arial;font-size:10pt;font-style:normal;" data-sheets-root="1">Copyright author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</span>

Limitations on public access

None

Responsible organisations

Responsible party

contact position

OpenSky Support

organisation name

UCAR/NCAR - Library

full postal address

PO Box 3000

Boulder

80307-3000

email address

opensky@ucar.edu

web address

http://opensky.ucar.edu/

name: homepage

responsible party role

pointOfContact

Metadata on metadata

Metadata point of contact