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As extreme event attribution (EEA) matures, explaining the impacts of extreme events has risen to be a key focus for attribution scientists. Studies of this type usually assess...

Geomagnetic perturbations (B-GEO) related to magnetospheric ultralow frequency (ULF) waves induce electric fields within the conductive Earth-geoelectric fields (E-GEO)-that in...

In a transient simulation of the last deglaciation with a fully coupled model (TraCE-21000), an overshoot of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is simulated...

The lowest model level height z1 is important in atmospheric numerical models, since surface layer similarity is applied to the height in most of the models. This indicates an...

Atmospheric effects of solar proton events (SPEs) have been studied for decades, because their drastic impact can be used to test our understanding of upper stratospheric and...

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A stratospheric sudden warming episode was self- consistently generated in the coupled National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, and...

High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) temperature profiles are analyzed to derive global properties of gravity waves. We describe a wavelet analysis technique that...

Understanding natural climate variability and its driving factors is crucial to assessing future climate change. Therefore, comparing proxy-based climate reconstructions with...

Wintertime precipitation over the southern U.S. is known to decrease with interannual cooling of the equatorial Pacific associated with La Nina, which often persists 2 years or...

In several continental regions a weekly cycle of air pollution aerosols has been observed. It is usually characterized by concentration minima on weekends (Saturday and Sunday)...

This paper uses a case study to explore the potential of Constellation Observing System for Meteorology. Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) and Challenging Minisatellite Payload...

The Arctic rapidly transforms due to global warming and increased human activities, triggering complex changes at unprecedented speeds that challenge conventional institutional...

The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption in January 2022 injected unprecedented amounts of water vapor (H2O) and a moderate amount of the aerosol precursor sulfur...

A study of the impact of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC GPS radio occultation (RO) and dropwindsonde data on regional model simulations for a 11-day period during the 2007 Mei-yu season is...

Both the positive and negative phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO⁺ and NAO⁻, respectively) and atmospheric blocking in the Euro-Atlantic sector reflect synoptic...

We report the first global, time-dependent simulation of the Mars upper atmospheric responses to a realistic solar flare event, an X8.2 eruption on 10 September 2017. The Mars...

The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of the zonal mean zonal wind is the primary mode of variability in the tropical lower stratosphere. The QBO is characterized by alternating...

This technical note describes the physical parameterizations and numerical implementation of a Community Land Model Urban (CLMU) parameterization as coupled to version 4 of the...