23,191 resources found

This paper introduces a framework for estimating stationary and non-stationary return levels, return periods, and risks of climatic extremes using Bayesian inference. This...

The local spectral width (LSW) of a radio occultation (RO) observation in impact parameter representation is a useful parameter for providing information on the uncertainty...

The problems of identifying the most appropriate model structure for a given problem and quantifying the uncertainty in model structure remain outstanding research challenges...

A function that approximates atmospheric tidal behavior in the polar regions is described. This function is fitted to multistation radar measurements of wind in the mesosphere...

Optimal estimation methods, such as the "maximum a posteriori" solution, are commonly employed for retrieving profiles of atmospheric trace gases from satellite observations. To...

Due to a lack of observations, it is a big challenge to quantify the momentum flux transported from the troposphere into the lower stratosphere by gravity waves generated by...

We describe and evaluate version 2.1 of the Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM). CISM is a parallel, 3-D thermomechanical model, written mainly in Fortran, that solves equations...

It is open whether El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) varies under climate change and how potential changes in the marine system are detectable. Here differences in the...

During a minor geomagnetic storm occurring from Aug 2 (day-of-year (DOY) 214) to Aug 4 (DOY 216), 2021, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Global-scale...

Northwest Nigeria is a region with a high risk of meningitis. In this study, the influence of climate on monthly meningitis incidence was examined. Monthly counts of clinically...

Water-vapor-weighted atmospheric mean temperature, Tm, is a key parameter in the retrieval of atmospheric precipitable water (PW) from ground-based Global Positioning System...

Changing global fire regimes including extended fire seasons due to climate change may increase the co-occurrence of high-impact fires that overwhelm national fire suppression...

The impact of volcanic ash on seasonal snow and glacier mass balance has been much less studied than that of carbonaceous particles and mineral dust. We present here the first...

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Ice water content (IWC) profiles are derived from retrievals of optical extinction from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) satellite lidar, using a...

Globally, latent heating associated with a change in precipitation is balanced by changes to atmospheric radiative cooling and sensible heat fluxes. Both components can be...

A new overflow parameterization (OFP) of density-driven flows through ocean ridges via narrow, unresolved channels has been developed and implemented in the ocean component of...

A thermospheric O and N-2 column density ratio (Sigma O/N-2) depletion with long-duration (>16 hr) was observed by the Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk at the...

The representation of tropical cyclone track, intensity, and structure in a set of 69 parallel forecasts performed at each of two horizontal grid increments with the Advanced...

The influence of the hydrological cycle in the greenhouse gas (GHG) effect of tropospheric ozone (O-3) is quantified in terms of the O-3 longwave radiative effect (LWRE), which...