23,281 resources found

NO and NO2 (NOx) play major roles in both tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry. This paper provides a novel method to obtain a global and accurate photolysis rate for NO2...

Vegetation is parameterized in the operational National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Water Model (NWM) using climatologies of leaf area index and green...

The influence of surface topography resolution in Indian summer monsoon simulation is investigated. Three sets of six-member ensemble simulations with climatological sea surface...

We quantify the stratospheric injection of brominated very short-lived substances (VSLS) based on aircraft observations acquired in winter 2014 above the Tropical Western...

The Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Land Model (ELM) is a state-of-the-art land surface model that simulates the intricate interactions between the terrestrial land...

This paper investigates wintertime tropical marine boundary layer (TMBL) statistical characteristics over the western North Atlantic using the complete set of island-launched...

West Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss is a major source of uncertainty in sea level projections. The primary driver of this melting is oceanic heat from Circumpolar Deep Water...

Methane emissions from natural wetlands and rice paddies constitute a large proportion of atmospheric methane, but the magnitude and year-to-year variation of these methane...

We use a global model, TOMCAT, and an inverse model, INVICAT, to estimate emissions of ethane (C2H6) between 2008 and 2014 by assimilating surface flask observations. We find...

An exploratory study has shown that instrumentation can be developed to permit experimental stress analysis of scientific balloons. Special strain gages have been made and...

Human land use activities have resulted in large changes to the biogeochemical and biophysical properties of the Earth's surface, with consequences for climate and other...

The physical mechanisms whereby the mean and transient circulation anomalies associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) drive winter mean precipitation anomalies...

Deep convective storms produce raindrops through three mechanisms: condensation and coalescence growth of cloud liquid droplets (i.e., warm processes), melting of ice...

The "gray zone" of convective modeling is defined as the range of horizontal grid spacings (Delta x) at which turbulent transport processes are only partially resolved by the...

The altitude- and latitude-dependent responses of neutral temperature in the lower thermosphere to the 2013 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm have been studied using neutral...

The Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry global magnetosphere–ionosphere coupled model LFM-MIX is used to study Sun–Earth interactions by simulating geomagnetic storms. This work focuses on...

This was published as a section in "The State of the Climate in 2009", a Special Supplement edition of the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.

A North American epidemic of mountain pine beetle (MPB) has disturbed over 5 million ha of forest containing headwater catchments crucial to water resources. However, there are...

In the presence of waves due, e.g., to gravity, rotation, or a quasi-uniform magnetic field, energy transfer timescales, spectra, and physical structures within turbulent flows...

Compound hot–dry events—co-occurring hot and dry extremes—frequently cause damages to human and natural systems, often exceeding separate impacts from heatwaves and...