23,191 resources found

It is well known that the ensemble-based variants of the Kalman filter may be thought of as producing a state estimate that is consistent with linear regression. Here, it is...

The subfilter-scale (SFS) physics of regularization models are investigated to understand the regularizations' performance as SFS models. Suppression of spectrally local SFS...

To help understand potential effects of urbanization on climates of varying scales and effects of climate change on urban populations, urbanization must be included in global...

Snow conditions in the High North are an important control on wintertime forage availability for reindeer, and under climate change, they are changing rapidly. In the European...

It is generally accepted that the energy that drives coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is magnetic in origin. Sheared and twisted coronal fields can store free magnetic energy which...

Large-eddy simulation (LES) has been an essential tool in the development of theory and parameterizations for clouds, but when applied to stratocumulus clouds under sharp...

The role of stratospheric ozone recovery in the Southern Hemisphere climate system, in the coming decades, is examined by contrasting two 10-member ensembles of Community...

The first direct in situ measurements of HO₂NO₂ in the upper troposphere were performed from the NASA DC-8 during the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-North...

As the upper layer of the world ocean warms gradually during the 20th century, the inter-ocean heat transport from the Indian to Atlantic basin should be enhanced, and the...

Uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) observations collected during the 2018 Lower Atmospheric Process Studies at Elevation—a Remotely Piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE)...

In this paper, an extended SEIR model with a vaccination compartment is proposed to simulate the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread in Saudi Arabia. The model considers...

Global positioning satellite system (GPS) radio waves that reach the tropical lower troposphere are strongly affected by small-scale water vapor fluctuations. We examine along-...

Although hot spells and heat waves are considered extreme meteorological phenomena, the statistical theory of extreme values has only rarely, if ever, been applied. To address...

The relative importance of wildfire smoke for air quality over the western US is expected to increase as the climate warms and anthropogenic emissions decline. We report on in...

By increasing Earth-atmosphere system albedo, Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering (SAG) using sulfur dioxide is an artificial potential means, with the goal to mitigate the...

Intermittency is a core characteristic of precipitation, not well described by data and very poorly modeled. Detailed analyses are made of near-global gridded (about 1 degrees)...

The Hunga Tonga Hunga-Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 injected water vapor and SO2 into the stratosphere. Several months after the eruption, significantly...

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The properties of hurricanes directly influence storm surges; however, the implications of projected changes to the climate are unclear. Here, we simulate the storm surges of...

We explore current variability and future projections of winter Arctic sea ice thickness and growth using data from climate models and satellite observations. Winter ice...