The NEID Earth Twin Survey. II. Dynamical masses in seven high-acceleration star systems

We present a set of companion dynamical masses and orbital parameters of seven star systems from the NEID Earth Twin Survey with significant absolute astrometric accelerations between the epochs of Hipparcos and Gaia. These include four binary star systems (HD 68017 AB, 61 Cygni AB, HD 24496 AB, and HD 4614 AB) and three planetary systems (HD 217107, HD 190360, and HD 154345). Our analyses incorporate a long baseline of RVs that includes over 1100 previously unpublished measurements from NEID and MINERVA, extending the overall RV baseline for each system by ≈2.5 yr, as well as relative astrometry for the stellar binary systems where the positions of both stars are well measured. In each case, the combination of astrometry and RVs constrains the three-dimensional acceleration of the host star and enables precise dynamical masses. We publish true masses for three planets whose measurements were previously entangled with their inclinations, four stellar masses with ≲1% relative precision, and improved orbital solutions for all seven systems, including the first for HD 24496 AB. These solutions not only agree with previous estimates, but also improve their fidelity. We also explore each system for evidence of periodic signals in the residuals around our best-fit models, and discuss the potential that the three planetary systems have for being directly imaged. With dynamical mass estimates and reliable orbit ephemerides, these seven star systems represent promising benchmarks for future stellar and planetary characterization efforts, and are amenable for further improvement with the upcoming release of Gaia epoch astrometry.

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Author M. R. Giovinazzi
C. H. Blake
Robertson, P.
Lin, A. S. J. ORCID icon
Gupta, A.
Mahadevan, S.
Wright, J. T.
Bardalez Gagliuffi, D. ORCID icon
Dong, J.
Fernandes, R. B. ORCID icon
Fitzmaurice, E. ORCID icon
Halverson, S. ORCID icon
Kanodia, S. ORCID icon
Logsdon, S. E. ORCID icon
Luhn, J. K. ORCID icon
McElwain, M. W. ORCID icon
Monson, A. ORCID icon
Ninan, J. P. ORCID icon
Rajagopal, J. ORCID icon
Roy, A.
Schwab, C. ORCID icon
Stefánsson, G. ORCID icon
Terrien, R. ORCID icon
J. D. Eastman
Horner, J.
Plavchan, P.
Wang, S. X.
Maurice L. Wilson
Wittenmyer, R. A.
Publisher UCAR/NCAR - Library
Publication Date 2025-07-01T00:00:00
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Not Assigned
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Topic Category geoscientificInformation
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Metadata Date 2025-12-24T17:46:27.906411
Metadata Record Identifier edu.ucar.opensky::articles:43944
Metadata Language eng; USA
Suggested Citation M. R. Giovinazzi, C. H. Blake, Robertson, P., Lin, A. S. J., Gupta, A., Mahadevan, S., Wright, J. T., Bardalez Gagliuffi, D., Dong, J., Fernandes, R. B., Fitzmaurice, E., Halverson, S., Kanodia, S., Logsdon, S. E., Luhn, J. K., McElwain, M. W., Monson, A., Ninan, J. P., Rajagopal, J., Roy, A., Schwab, C., Stefánsson, G., Terrien, R., J. D. Eastman, Horner, J., Plavchan, P., Wang, S. X., Maurice L. Wilson, Wittenmyer, R. A.. (2025). The NEID Earth Twin Survey. II. Dynamical masses in seven high-acceleration star systems. UCAR/NCAR - Library. https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7nv9pp9. Accessed 03 February 2026.

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