Justification for high-ascent attainment for balloon radiosonde soundings at GRUAN and other sites

We assess and illustrate the benefits of high-altitude attainment of balloon-borne radiosonde soundings, up to and beyond 10 hPa level compared to, for example, 30 hPa, at operational stations and at sites of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper Air Network (GRUAN). We first discuss technical challenges and the possible solutions for balloon soundings at these higher altitudes. Then, we assess the role of high-ascent radiosonde measurements in climate monitoring and various process studies, contributions to satellite calibration and validation, and impacts on numerical weather prediction systems. The analysis herein shows that the extra costs and technical challenges involved in consistent attainment of high ascents are more than outweighed by the benefits for a broad variety of real-time and delayed-mode applications. Consistent attainment of high ascents should therefore be pursued across the GRUAN network and the broader observational network.

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Author Fujiwara, M.
Sun, B.
Reale, A.
Cimini, D.
Larosa, S. ORCID icon
Borg, L. ORCID icon
von Rohden, C.
Sommer, M.
Dirksen, R.
Maturilli, M.
Vömel, Holger ORCID icon
Kivi, R.
Ingleby, B.
Kramer, R. J.
Demoz, B.
Madonna, F.
Carminati, F. ORCID icon
Lewis, O.
Candy, B.
Thomas, C.
Edwards, D.
Noersomadi
Shimizu, K.
Thorne, P.
Publisher UCAR/NCAR - Library
Publication Date 2025-07-07T00:00:00
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Not Assigned
Alternate Identifier N/A
Resource Version N/A
Topic Category geoscientificInformation
Progress N/A
Metadata Date 2025-12-24T17:45:11.151963
Metadata Record Identifier edu.ucar.opensky::articles:43902
Metadata Language eng; USA
Suggested Citation Fujiwara, M., Sun, B., Reale, A., Cimini, D., Larosa, S., Borg, L., von Rohden, C., Sommer, M., Dirksen, R., Maturilli, M., Vömel, Holger, Kivi, R., Ingleby, B., Kramer, R. J., Demoz, B., Madonna, F., Carminati, F., Lewis, O., Candy, B., Thomas, C., Edwards, D., Noersomadi, Shimizu, K., Thorne, P.. (2025). Justification for high-ascent attainment for balloon radiosonde soundings at GRUAN and other sites. UCAR/NCAR - Library. https://n2t.net/ark:/85065/d7377f49. Accessed 18 February 2026.

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